Library UniMath.CategoryTheory.GrothendieckTopos

Grothendick toposes

Definition of Grothendieck topology
- Grothendieck topologies
- Precategory of sheaves
Grothendieck toposes

Definiton of Grothendieck topology

The following definition is a formalization of the definition in Sheaves in Geometry and Logic, Saunders Mac Lane and Ieke Moerdijk, pages 109 and 110.

Grothendieck topology is a collection J(c) of subobjects of the Yoneda functor, for every object of C, such that:

The Yoneda functor y(c) is in J(c).
Pullback of a subobject in J(c) along any morphism h : c' --> c is in J(c')
If S is a subobject of y(c) such that for all objects c' and all morphisms h : c' --> c in C the pullback of S along h is in J(c'), then S is in J(c).

Section def_grothendiecktopology.

Variable C : precategory.
Hypothesis hs : has_homsets C.

A sieve on c is a subobject of the yoneda functor.

  Definition sieve (c : C) : UU :=
    Subobjectscategory
      (functor_category_has_homsets (opp_precat C) HSET has_homsets_HSET)
      (yoneda C hs c).

  Definition FunctorPrecatObToFunctor
             (c : functor_precategory (opp_precat C) HSET has_homsets_HSET) :
    functor (opp_precat C) HSET := c.

  Definition FunctorPrecatMorToNatTrans
             {c c': functor_precategory (opp_precat C) HSET has_homsets_HSET} (h : c --> c') :
    nat_trans (FunctorPrecatObToFunctor c) (FunctorPrecatObToFunctor c') := h.

  Definition sieve_functor {c : C} (S : sieve c) : functor (opp_precat C) HSET :=
    precategory_object_from_sub_precategory_object _ _ (slicecat_ob_object _ _ S).

  Definition sieve_nat_trans {c : C} (S : sieve c) :
    nat_trans (sieve_functor S) (FunctorPrecatObToFunctor (yoneda C hs c)) :=
    precategory_morphism_from_sub_precategory_morphism _ _ _ _ (slicecat_ob_morphism _ _ S).

Grothendieck topology

  Definition collection_of_sieves : UU := ∏ (c : C ), hsubtype (sieve c).

  Definition isGrothendieckTopology_maximal_sieve (COS : collection_of_sieves) : UU :=
    ∏ (c : C ), COS c (Subobjectscategory_ob
                        (functor_category_has_homsets (opp_precat C) HSET has_homsets_HSET)
                        (identity (yoneda C hs c)) (identity_isMonic _)).

  Definition isGrothendieckTopology_stability (COS : collection_of_sieves) : UU :=
    ∏ (c c' : C) (h : c' --> c) (s : sieve c ),
    COS c s →
    COS c' (PullbackSubobject
              _
              (FunctorcategoryPullbacks (opp_precat C) HSET has_homsets_HSET HSET_Pullbacks)
              s (yoneda_morphisms C hs _ _ h)).

  Definition isGrothendieckTopology_transitivity (COS : collection_of_sieves) : UU :=
    ∏ (c : C) (s : sieve c ),
    (∏ (c' : C) (h : c' --> c ),
     COS c' (PullbackSubobject
               _
               (FunctorcategoryPullbacks (opp_precat C) HSET has_homsets_HSET HSET_Pullbacks)
               s (yoneda_morphisms C hs _ _ h))
     → COS c s ).

  Definition isGrothendieckTopology (COS : collection_of_sieves) : UU :=
    (isGrothendieckTopology_maximal_sieve COS )
      × (isGrothendieckTopology_stability COS )
      × (isGrothendieckTopology_transitivity COS ).

  Definition GrothendieckTopology : UU :=
    ∑ COS : collection_of_sieves , isGrothendieckTopology COS.

Accessor functions

  Definition GrothendieckTopology_COS (GT : GrothendieckTopology) : collection_of_sieves := pr1 GT.

  Definition GrothendieckTopology_isGrothendieckTopology (GT : GrothendieckTopology) :
    isGrothendieckTopology (GrothendieckTopology_COS GT) := pr2 GT.

Sheaves

For some reason I need the following

  Definition Presheaf : UU := functor (opp_precat C) HSET.

  Definition PresheafToFunctor (P : Presheaf) : functor (opp_precat C) HSET := P.

  Definition make_Presheaf (F : functor (opp_precat C) HSET) : Presheaf := F.

This is a formalization of the definition on page 122

  Definition isSheaf (P : Presheaf) (GT : GrothendieckTopology) : UU :=
    ∏ (c : C) (S : sieve c) (isCOS : GrothendieckTopology_COS GT c S)
      (τ : nat_trans (sieve_functor S) (PresheafToFunctor P)),
    iscontr (∑ η : nat_trans (FunctorPrecatObToFunctor (yoneda C hs c)) (PresheafToFunctor P),
                   nat_trans_comp _ _ _ (sieve_nat_trans S) η = τ).

  Lemma isaprop_isSheaf (GT : GrothendieckTopology) (P : Presheaf) : isaprop(isSheaf P GT).
  Proof.
    apply impred_isaprop; intros t.
    apply impred_isaprop; intros S.
    apply impred_isaprop; intros isCOS.
    apply impred_isaprop; intros τ.
    apply isapropiscontr.
  Qed.

The category of sheaves is the full subcategory of presheaves consisting of the presheaves which satisfy the isSheaf proposition.

  Definition hsubtype_obs_isSheaf (GT : GrothendieckTopology) :
    hsubtype (functor_precategory (opp_precat C) HSET has_homsets_HSET) :=
    (λ P : functor_precategory (opp_precat C) HSET has_homsets_HSET ,
       make_hProp _ (isaprop_isSheaf GT (make_Presheaf P))).

  Definition categoryOfSheaves (GT : GrothendieckTopology) :
    sub_precategories (functor_precategory (opp_precat C) HSET has_homsets_HSET) :=
    full_sub_precategory (hsubtype_obs_isSheaf GT).

End def_grothendiecktopology.

Definition of Grothendieck topos

Grothendieck topos is a precategory which is equivalent to the category of sheaves on some Grothendieck topology.

Section def_grothendiecktopos.

Variable C : precategory.
Hypothesis hs : has_homsets C.

Here (pr1 D) is the precategory which is equivalent to the precategory of sheaves on the Grothendieck topology (pr2 D).

  Definition GrothendieckTopos : UU :=
    ∑ D' : (∑ D : precategory × (GrothendieckTopology C hs ),
                  functor (pr1 D) (categoryOfSheaves C hs (pr2 D))),
           (adj_equivalence_of_precats (pr2 D')).